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Friction
Investigation 1
CELL Guide
Friction
Phase 1 – Defined Understanding
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Teacher PreLab
Prepare for the Experiment
Phase 2 – Dynamic Understanding
► Investigation 1 Summary – Lab Goals
In Investigation One, you used a spring scale to measure frictional force. During this Investigation, you:
1. Pushed a penny toward a goal line, observed its movement, and measured the distance it traveled.
2. Considered positive and negative acceleration as the penny moved.
3. Observed the magnitude of force as a wood block was pulled across the table with a spring scale.
4. Measured the frictional force between the wood block and the table using a spring scale.
5. Calculated the average velocity of the wood block using the following formula:
6. Calculated the sum of all forces using the following formula:
► Investigation Three Summary – Learning Goals
Through these experiments, students will conclude that:
1. Speed is a term used to indicate how much distance is traveled in a given time. Velocity is a measure of the magnitude of distance per time as well as the direction of the motion. Therefore, a change in velocity occurs when an object in motion either changes speed or changes direction. Acceleration denotes a change in velocity over a period of time. Positive acceleration represents an increase in velocity away from the origin, whereas negative acceleration represents a decrease in velocity while moving away from the origin.
2. Frictional force decreases the velocity of an object. That is, it decreases the speed of an object.
Launch Concept Slides/Annotations
Mathematics Concepts in This Investigation
- (in)direct relationships
- length/distance in cm
- geometry
- positive/negative integers
- measuring force using a spring scale
- time in seconds
- calculate speed/velocity
- metric conversion
- division
- decimals to the nearest tenth
- addition
- multiplication
- manipulating mathematical formulas
- calculate acceleration